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0:00
The Paralympics are way more interesting than the Olympics.
0:02
Well, thank you for that.
0:03
I think so too.
0:03
Hey everybody, Mike Schultz here, Paralympic snowboarder for Team USA.
0:09
Let's answer your questions from the internet.
0:09
This is Paralympian support 7 and Daddy.
0:09
What are the reasons that the US does so well in the Olympics but not in the Paralympics?
0:09
Are you kidding me?
0:09
I'm a three-time medalist.
0:09
Gold and two silvers.
0:09
My teammates are carrying well over a dozen medals.
0:29
I think we're doing pretty good.
0:34
Alright, here's a question from Cora.
0:32
What are unique events in the Paralympics?
0:37
There's a lot of similarities and a lot of differences in the Olympics compared to the Paralympics.
0:37
Paralympics actually means parallel to Olympics, not paralyzed as a lot of people think.
0:37
Paralympics also has a unique logo.
0:47
The Olympics have the rings.
0:53
Paralympics has the agitos.
0:53
The reality is there are far fewer events in the Paralympics compared to the Olympics.
0:51
In summer, wheelchair rugby is unique.
0:57
I got to watch that.
0:57
That's really exciting.
1:04
One unique thing about Paralympic snowboarding is we do two events.
1:04
We do boardercross and bank slalom.
1:04
Boardercross is head-to-head racing against three other athletes at the same time.
1:10
Pull out of the start gate at the same time and race across the finish line over bumps and jumps and turns.
1:20
Bank slalom is an event race against the clock through a course of banked turns, anywhere from like 14 to 20 turns.
1:20
I love it, especially when the courses are built really well.
1:26
It's really flowy and a lot of fun to ride.
1:28
The unfortunate thing is we don't get to train on it a whole lot.
1:32
A lot of times the only time we get in a bank slalom course is actually at a competition.
1:37
Next one from Leetit Toast.
1:37
Does the Paralympics have an objective way of ensuring the athletes are in a level playing field when it comes to their disabilities, or is there always a certain level of unfairness?
1:37
There are so many different factors with disabilities and how it affects one.
1:37
However, we can't have, you know, 10 or 15 different classification levels.
1:37
There would just be too many different classes.
1:37
For Paralympic snowboarding, there are two different classification levels for lower limb.
1:37
LL1, which is basically two joints that have been affected, and LL2 is there's one joint that's been affected and one classification for upper limb.
1:37
I'm an above-knee amputee.
2:15
I'm missing my foot and my knee.
2:20
So, the biggest issue that I have is I can't pick my left foot up off the ground.
2:24
I can't choose to flex my knee.
2:27
I have to like, rock back on my good side and jump.
2:29
Compare that with another athlete that we have in our class.
2:31
So, he's missing both feet, but has both knees and he's able to move both knees perfectly well.
2:38
So, in certain race courses, you know, it is a benefit to be able to move both knees compared to both ankles.
2:46
So there's always going to be some level of unequal performance in the same classes.
2:52
So it's part of the challenge of being a Paralympic athlete.
2:59
Next one from Sparks Mandrel.
2:59
What are ideal riding conditions?
2:59
Number one factor is the sun.
2:59
When that sun's shining, that definitely amps up the energy and the smile on your face when you go out snowboarding because nobody likes riding in the clouds.
2:59
Temperature-wise, you know, I'm digging like 28, 29 degrees.
2:59
The snow is still fluffy and it's warm.
3:17
Today was not ideal.
3:17
It was like single digits and 30 mph wind gusts blowing.
3:24
It was not ideal.
3:24
Jordan Bibis 8, how long was your recovery and how long did it take to get a prosthetic?
3:24
So, I was actually injured racing Snowcross in 2008 and I had a pretty quick recovery, especially considering how bad the injury was.
3:24
I was actually up on my first prosthesis five and a half weeks after my amputation, which is quite speedy compared to most.
3:44
I was very motivated to get back on my feet again.
3:46
And I actually started racing snowmobiles within a month and a half of my injury, and then racing X Games adaptive supercross 7 months after my injury happened on a leg that I built in my garage.
3:59
Called it the Moto Knee and Versa Foot.
4:01
It was a very basic mechanical knee system which worked good for walking, but I really wanted to get back into riding my motocross bike and my snowmobile.
4:10
That was my true passion and my profession at that time.
4:12
My second passion in life is I'm a garage guy.
4:16
I'm a doer and a maker.
4:19
I love to create things in my shop.
4:19
And what better thing for me to put my time and effort in than creating my own prosthetic leg to allow me to do the things that I wanted to do?
4:29
And eventually created a company around it and now I'm helping out a handful of other athletes from around the world and a lot of them are my direct competitors.
4:40
So when you see me racing at the Paralympics, all the competitors around me and all the other Paralympic athletes that are lower limb amputees in the snowboarding world will be wearing equipment from my company.
4:40
Next question is from Termy.
4:51
How to snowboard and ski as an above-knee amputee?
4:59
Well, I didn't start snowboarding until after I became an amputee.
4:59
So, I was kind of learning from scratch, but I guess the biggest challenge is you can't really feel where your foot is in space.
5:04
So, it takes time to really learn what that feedback feels like.
5:08
And there's a lot of different adjustments for alignment and air pressures and angles of the prosthesis to help make you balanced on top of the board.
5:18
Honestly, it took me three seasons before I really got comfortable on a race course.
5:25
And the difference between snowboarding as an above-knee amputee and skiing is skiing your legs are obviously working independently.
5:30
So you're completely relying on your prosthesis to give you that balance and stability compared to on a snowboard where you're strapped into the board.
5:38
So your legs are kind of working together.
5:40
It's difficult, especially on really rough terrain, but if you're motivated to learn how to do something, you'll figure it out.
5:47
As an adaptive athlete, it's all about paying attention to the details because you're not going to just bolt on a prosthesis and go out and rip runs.
6:13
For example, the stance on a snowboard affects how things are set up.
6:13
So, if you ride regular, which is your left foot forward, or ride goofy, which is your left foot in the back.
6:13
I'm a left leg amputee.
6:13
I ride regular, so my prosthesis is in the front.
6:13
And there are some benefits of that.
6:13
I have more power out of my back leg.
6:13
But the flip side is the athlete that rides with their good foot up front and prosthesis in the back.
6:13
A lot of times they'll be able to initiate turns a little smoother compared to what I can.
6:13
So there's always a trade-off with everything and how it's set up.
6:13
Here's another question from Cora.
6:13
What sports are the hardest to make prosthetics for?
6:13
The more complex the movements are, the more difficult it is to recreate what your body naturally does.
6:38
Track and field sprinting, it's a very consistent series of movements.
6:43
Basically, the knee and the foot are swinging back and forth as fast as possible.
6:47
And you're trying to get as much bounce off your toe as you can.
6:50
So, there'll be a mechanical knee that has basically zero resistance in it.
6:54
And then it'll be like a carbon fiber leaf spring as your foot.
6:56
So, when your weight hits it, it compresses and extends as quick as possible.
7:03
Compare that to snowboarding where we're going down a course with turns and rollers and jumps.
7:07
Our legs got to do a lot more different things at different paces.
7:11
The hardest part is finding that happy medium that works good for quick movements or slower movements.
7:19
Like for example, you're on a turn going through a berm and the G forces are compressing you.
7:24
Your leg's not really moving anywhere, but it needs to have a consistent resistance there.
7:24
You get out of the turn and you're going over a roller or a jump and you need to absorb that.
7:24
So then you need to move quick and allow your legs to compress and extend when you need it to give you that stability over the jump or the roller.
7:24
Next up, we got Air Lust.
7:24
How do snow conditions compare across the world?
7:24
Yeah, that's a good question because it does have differences depending where we are.
7:48
My favorite place to snowboard personally, it's got to be Colorado.
7:53
I love Copper Mountain is my favorite place to go because there's so much different types of terrains with the jump lines in the parks.
7:57
Compare that to like Utah.
7:59
Utah's got a little powder more compared to like Italy where the wind's blowing and there's no trees out there and it's a lot steeper rock faces and the snow situates itself differently.
8:09
Commercial Sock 3270S, skiing or snowboarding?
8:13
Well, obviously snowboarding.
8:16
No, actually I learned how to ski as an amputee before I learned how to snowboard.
8:23
I like skiing gates.
8:23
I really enjoy like doing GS turns around gates on skis, but honestly, snowboarding is way more fun.
8:23
I love being able to ride rough terrain on a snowboard better than on skis.
8:23
It's just more fun.
8:23
It's got more style to it in my mind.
8:23
Skiing is typically easier to learn how to do because you're going straight and you're able to get around flat surfaces a lot better because you can skate around compared to a snowboard.
8:46
You got to unstrap and you got to kick alongside your board.
8:49
So, you just can't move around flat areas as good on a snowboard.
8:53
And the other like challenge with snowboarding is you're going sideways.
8:57
It's an unnatural way to go down the mountain.
8:59
So, whenever you're in like an uncomfortable situation or you get scared a little bit, you just stand up and you rotate.
9:04
And when you do that, you're going to catch your toe edge and you're going to slap your face into the ground.
9:08
So, I always tell everybody, if you want to learn how to snowboard from scratch, it's usually like a three-day commitment.
9:13
The first day is not going to be too much fun.
9:15
The second day, it'll start to click, and then on the third day, things will, you know, hopefully be to the point where you're comfortable, you know, going from point A to point B without falling on your face or your butt.
9:26
Andy Doodle 56, he says, "Monster Mike, how does that cool prosthetic used by Winter Paralympians attach to your leg and board?"
9:37
"How does it work?"
9:37
For my prosthesis, there are three main components to it.
9:37
One is the socket that slides over my residual limb, which is carbon fiber.
9:37
It's got a threaded adapter that threads in.
9:37
So, I'll loosen up a screw.
9:37
I'll rotate my everyday walking leg off, and then I'll just swap this on there.
9:37
My foot slides into a standard snowboard boot, which is not the easiest thing to do because you can't flatten it out or stretch it out like you can a regular foot.
9:37
So, that's always a little bit of a pain in the butt.
9:37
I just use a standard binding system Burton with the straps on it.
10:06
It's got a foot guard right here that kind of fills up the space inside of the boot so the binding strap can tighten up over it without affecting how the shock moves and compresses.
10:13
And then it's just a foam sole plate on the bottom.
10:15
The two components that I developed at my company is the knee.
10:19
It's called the Moto Knee.
10:22
And then the Versa Foot.
10:24
There's a common attachment point right here that connects the foot to the knee.
10:28
It's a four-sided pyramid with set screws on it.
10:30
So, you can just loosen up a couple of the set screws and swap out components.
10:38
And for example, a below-knee amputee doesn't need the knee, so he'll just use the Versa Foot and attach it at this point here.
10:40
Tax Psychological 2928 asks, "Why do snowboarders sit in the middle of the slope?"
10:46
I do not sit in the middle of the slope, so don't pin that on me.
10:51
I don't know either.
10:51
Yeah.
10:51
Isn't that annoying when people just like plop down right in the middle of the run?
10:55
It just messes up everybody.
10:56
So, don't just stop in the middle of the slope.
10:58
Go off to the side and make sure the uphill traffic can see where you're at.
11:01
That's safety 101 from Playful Interview 753.
11:08
What's the biggest design challenge when building a prosthetic that has to function at freezing temperatures and high impact?
11:13
The temperature does affect things.
11:17
I mean, I actually just got off the mountain right now in basically single-digit temperatures.
11:21
So, being that there's hydraulic oil in the shock system here, the viscosity raises when it's cold, so it doesn't move as quick.
11:31
For example, when I'm sitting around for a while waiting to get on course, I'll jump up and down or squat up and down like six or eight times to get that hydraulic fluid moving.
11:39
And then also, some of the materials could get brittle in really cold weather.
11:43
So, we've chosen materials that, you know, hold up into, you know, a wide range of temperatures.
11:50
The majority is 7000 series aluminum.
11:53
We've got titanium adapters, stainless steel fasteners to prevent corrosion when we're using them in and around mud and water and snow.
12:00
And then some of the components here like the protective covers that we've got on top of the knee and then also on the foot.
12:06
These are a nylon X.
12:08
So, these are 3D printed parts.
12:11
It's basically nylon infused with carbon fiber and they've seem to hold up pretty good in the sub-zero weather.
12:15
I've had some other materials that have cracked, you know, when it gets, you know, 10 degrees or colder.
12:24
It's hard to duplicate some of those high stresses and high impacts of landing off a big jump.
12:24
One of the tests I did, I climbed up a ladder 6 feet up and I just jumped and landed on my feet.
12:24
That gave me a lot of feedback on how I should set up the calibration of the shock, you know, more air pressure or more hydraulic dampening.
12:24
I broke a lot of parts and had to refine them.
12:24
Lots of trial and error.
12:24
Alright, this one's from the Amputee subreddit.
12:24
How would you describe the feel of snow through a prosthetic leg when carving or absorbing impact?
12:51
Have you ever been on crutches?
12:53
A crutch is an extension of your body movement, right?
12:57
And so everything feels a little delayed and the inputs are a little bit different compared to, you know, putting a weight on your foot.
13:04
And that's a lot like what a prosthesis is.
13:09
And for me as an above-knee amputee, you know, there's two flexible joints.
13:08
You have the ankle joint and you have the knee joint.
13:11
So just think of that crutch has two hinges on it and you have to get the weight just in the right spot so it doesn't compress on you or you'll topple over it.
13:22
So that's what it's like on a prosthesis.
13:24
And you throw some snow in there and high speeds and everything has a little bit of a delay to it.
13:33
That's why it's so important to have perfect body positioning over the snowboard as an amputee because you have to like anticipate what's going to happen because you can't exactly feel it.
13:33
Alright, here's a question from snowboarding subreddit.
13:42
What is most important to you when it comes to a snowboard?
13:46
The first question is, what kind of terrain are you going to be riding on?
13:49
A lot of times people ride with a snowboard that's too narrow for their foot size and so you have extra toe drag or heel drag and then when you're going to rail a turn, you lose traction and you slide out.
13:58
What I'm always looking at.
14:00
So, I've got a quiver of like 10 different race boards.
14:05
And there's two factors with those.
14:05
One is the stiffness of, you know, how much pressure it takes to flex it.
14:09
And then the other is the side cut radius.
14:13
And when you pick up a snowboard, you can see it's kind of shaped like an hourglass.
14:16
So, this radius here affects how tight you can turn.
14:19
This one right here is actually a tighter radius.
14:21
It's got 8 meters.
14:24
Some of my longer BX boards are up to like 13-meter radius.
14:31
So that just affects when you go up on your edge, that radius is going to help make that turn.
14:31
So Schmidz asks, "What are the most important skills to learn to take on steep black runs?"
14:31
That's a good one.
14:31
I'm not good at steep black runs.
14:31
It doesn't matter what terrain you are, but finding that right balance for the slope you're on.
14:46
So many times people just as a reaction they sit back seat and they're too much on their back leg which, you know, that affects how quickly you can react to turn or to stop or maneuver.
15:04
So on the snowboarding, balance is everything and that completely affects how your board reacts to how you're moving or want to move.
14:59
So be in the right stacked position all the time depending on, you know, flat or steeps, it all matters.
15:14
So, next one we got Valley 566.
15:21
The Paralympics are way more interesting than the Olympics.
15:21
Well, thank you for that.
15:21
I think so, too.
15:23
Yeah, there's a lot more layers to Paralympic sports, especially with us in snowboarding.
15:29
We're standing upright.
15:29
We're using standard snowboard equipment and then we just use prosthetics.
15:29
There's so many different storylines with the athletes.
15:29
You know, a lot of us have been through really tough things in life that we've had to recover from and learn the sport over again.
15:29
As, you know, an adaptive athlete, you know, as an athlete, you're trying to be tip-top shape physically.
15:29
As a Paralympian, there's a whole another level to it.
15:51
We got to carry our extra tools and nuts and bolts with us.
15:53
And there's so much fine-tuning that goes into our prosthetic and adaptive devices.
15:59
So, you could be in the best shape of your life, but if your adaptive equipment isn't performing up to the level you need it to, that can definitely affect your performance.
16:06
It's non-stop working on our physical performance, but also the performance of our adaptive equipment.
16:12
So, it gets tricky sometimes.
16:14
We got WA42 Wabe Wave.
16:18
Genuinely curious, Monster Mic 5, what problem did your moto knee solve that other prosthetics totally missed?
16:26
Personally, I've got like two basic prostheses that I use.
16:33
One is my everyday walker, which is really cool.
16:33
It's got a microprocessor in it that controls a hydraulic system.
16:33
It doesn't move by itself, but the computer decides how it reacts to my inputs.
16:33
And when I'm riding my snowboard or riding my motocross bike, you need that resistance there.
16:46
It's like flexing your quadriceps as you're in a squat.
16:48
So, for example, on my everyday walking leg, if I go into a squat, there's no resistance helping me hold my body weight up.
16:56
It just slowly collapses.
16:58
And so, on the Moto Knee, it uses a mountain bike shock in here with compressed air.
17:02
And there's also hydraulic oil that controls how quickly things move.
17:06
So, the air spring is like your quadricep muscles.
17:08
They help absorb impacts.
17:10
For example, I'm doing a heel-side turn.
17:12
The air pressure helps support my body weight as the G-forces add up.
17:16
It's the same type of shock in the foot.
17:18
And we can adjust the air pressure basically from zero up to 300 PSI, which controls how quickly things react and compress and extend just like your mountain bike.
17:28
And for this one specifically, this is my snowboard leg.
17:32
And the alignment requires a lot of flexion in the knee right here, which makes it unstable to walk on.
17:38
So for example, I shift weight into it, it's going to flex.
17:40
So when I'm walking to the lift or I'm walking around the resort, I've got a mechanical lock, so it prevents the knee joint from flexing.
17:48
And when I strap into the snowboard and I pull the pin and I'm ready to go.
17:51
The unique part about it is the adjustability.
17:54
So I can make this work for a lot of different activities via the different settings, alignment options and air pressures and hydraulic pressures.
18:02
So when I get on my snowboard and I want to hook it over a big 50, 60 ft jump, the hydraulic system and the air pressure work like my leg muscles or my quadriceps to absorb those impacts.
18:12
When I first started back in 2009, spring of 2009, there was very little options for that type of a knee system.
18:20
Like I wanted to make it versatile for a lot of other sports.
18:24
Board sports, skiing, motocross, mountain biking, water sports, water skiing, wakeboarding, horseback riding.
18:32
Probably the number two most common use for it is actually strength training in the gym, lifting weights, doing squats and jumps and that kind of thing.
18:38
So here's a question from Cora.
18:43
What's the most common misconception people have about Paralympic athletes?
18:43
So many people just think we are excited to be able to do our sport.
18:43
The reality is when you get to the Paralympic level, we are competitors, true competitors through and through.
18:50
We put in as much work and effort as any other professional level athlete.
19:03
Alright, next question.
19:00
DAFFW, how do you qualify to be a Paralympian?
19:07
Each sport is a little bit different for us in the Paris snowboard world.
19:07
So we have a series of national level races where we accrue points and then we go to like a continental cup and you accrue points.
19:07
The ultimate is actually the Paralympic Games that only happen every four years, but we have a World Cup tour with 8 to 10 rounds every year.
19:21
From the Chris Pringle random 3:00 a.m. thoughts.
19:23
I wonder where the next big leap in prosthetics will be materials, sensors, AI tuning or something totally different.
19:31
Honestly, I see the integration of electronics that can adapt to our nervous system so we can actually control what our limb does.
19:44
There's been some really big advancements in upper limb prosthetic technology to where they're gathering information from muscles and nerves that can control like a wrist movement and finger movements.
19:59
Just expanding on that because the ultimate goal for me as an amputee is being able to make my prosthetic limb do what I want when I want.
20:04
Right now it's just reactive to whatever weight I shift into it and it just has two movements.
20:09
It can swing free or it can have resistance.
20:12
If we had control over when and how that movement and resistance reacted, that's when things get really cool.
20:19
From the Olympics subreddit, they're wondering, "How do most Olympic athletes earn a living?"
20:29
The reality is there's probably only 1% of Olympians and Paralympians that actually make enough money by just doing their sport.
20:29
The majority of the money from the top-level Olympic and Paralympic athletes comes from partnerships, sponsors that support them.
20:29
The unique thing about Olympics and Paralympics is we only have this big event once every four years.
20:27
And a lot of times we don't get that financial support and partnerships, you know, the three years between.
20:54
So we're preparing and putting effort in for four years.
20:54
And, you know, our big show is only every four years.
20:54
And some of the partnerships and sponsorships, endorsements, some of them are pretty black and white, but some of them go far deeper than just, you know, slapping a sticker on your helmet or taking a photo for them.
21:08
For example, doing TV commercials or doing public speaking.
21:12
A lot of that happens on the Paralympic side.
21:19
One of my big partners now is Autodesk.
21:19
We align very well.
21:19
It's a CAD software company that they're helping me further development of, you know, some of the new innovative components that, you know, I got on my drawing board back home.
21:19
Alright.
21:29
This one's from Chaz Maladka.
21:35
Can Paralympic athletes participate in Olympics?
21:35
Yeah, if they're physically capable of performing at a competitive level at the Olympics, yeah, there's nothing really stopping them as long as there's no assistive or adaptive devices that excels their performance over a regular able-bodied athlete.
21:55
As Leah, has any Paralympic athlete beaten Olympic athlete results in the same event in the same year?
21:57
I know there was a sprinter.
22:06
He's a bilateral BK amputee who had very competitive times that was right up into the times as Olympic level.
22:08
So yeah, they can run fast.
22:14
A bilateral BK amputee who's got two running blades.
22:14
There is a point to where the stride can be longer than an able-bodied person and therefore there's been people saying that, you know, it's an advantage.
22:25
Well, it may be stride for stride, but there's a flip side to it as well.
22:33
So, if a bilateral amputee is trying to run out of the starting blocks, it's not going to be as quick as somebody with two good feet that can power out of the blocks.
22:33
Alright, here's another question from Cora.
22:41
How are advanced prosthetics changing the world of sports?
22:43
It very much can affect the overall performance of an athlete depending on their prosthetic equipment.
22:54
2014 was the first Paralympic Games that had snowboarding in it.
22:54
Look at the performance then to what it is right now and it is incredible to see the level of performance and speeds increased since then and it's pretty cool to be part of it both as an athlete as well as a prosthetic designer and it's not slowing down.
23:10
So those are all the questions we have for today.
23:12
Be sure to tune in to the Paralympics 2026 Milano Cortina in Italy.
23:20
It's going to be awesome.
23:20
Thanks for watching Paralympian support.